BACKGROUND: With regard to the high commonality of vaginal infections among pregnancy-age women, especially gardnerella, candidiasis vaginitis, trichomonal vaginitis and chlamydia and by attending to this fact that these infections have a high cost, including the medical expenses and other services like missing working hours and bear a negative effect on the life quality of women as influential INDIVIDUALs in family and society, we decided to examine the commonality of some of these infections and their related factors among women referring to selected health centers in Isfahan City.METHODS: This research was of an analytical-descriptive type conducted on 266 samples referred to the midwifery unit of selected health centers in Isfahan City due to one of the common vaginal infections (gardnerella, candidiasis vaginitis, trichomonal vaginitis and chlamydia). The collection of data was carried out via conducting interview with women and filling out the researcher-made questionnaire with close-ended answers (38 questions) and open-ended answers (25 questions).Data analysis was done by descriptive and analytical statistics (variance analysis and chi-square test).RESULTS: The findings of the study showed a significant relationship (p=0.04) between suffering from different kinds of vaginal infection and fertility factors (the treatment record of the spouse). But, there was no significant statistical relationship between suffering from these infections and delivery type, period regulation, seeing stains and the pregnancy prevention type. Meanwhile, a significant relationship was found between suffering from vaginitis and demographic and INDIVIDUAL factors like women's job (p=0.001), their educational level (p=0.006), body mass index (p=0.01) and their weight (p=0.02). However, no significant relationship was found between suffering from common vaginal infections and INDIVIDUAL health factors.CONCLUSIONS: With regard to the research findings, knowledge of the factors related to vaginal infection, including the fertility factors, can be instrumental in preventing and reducing the suffering from these infections. Therefore, training related to mothers' educational level and consulting with women for knowing the susceptibility factors like the effect of weight, attending to mothers' professional issues and prevention methods by following INDIVIDUAL and sexual health-related issues by men and women can reduce the rate of suffering from these infections and promote the health level of mothers and hence, the society's health status.

In this quasi- experimental study, in an effort to develop behavior theories-based planning of health education, three models of teaching personal HYGIENE designed and implemented in primary schools of khorramabad city in 1998-99 the goal was to compare effects of these models on students knowledge and practice. These models were: A- Teaching INDIVIDUAL HYGIENE by teachers without awarding or education to the mothers.B-Teaching INDIVIDUAL HYGIENE by teachers associated with informing and teaching mothers by researchers, c- In the third model, In addition to implementation part B, students also involved in the program. 735 students (divided into 3 groups) made our samples. Data of each model analyzed using paired t- test and results showed that all three models have increased student's knowledge and practice in INDIVIDUAL HYGIENE (P=0.000) comparing A,B and C by ANOVA, showed that they have progressively increased knowledge. The percent of behavior progression was greater in model B than model A, but it was somewhat smaller in model C than the other models.

Background: Voice production is a complex mechanism, and the primary tool of the population of professional voice users requires special care. Hence, one area of learning provided by speech and language pathologists to this population is vocal HYGIENE. The current study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of vocal HYGIENE education on actors’,knowledge. Methods: In this semi-experimental study of one-group clinical trials, 50 actors (29 males and 21 females aged 18-50 years) were selected based on available sampling. Participants were asked to complete the “, assessment of actors’,vocal knowledge”,questionnaire. During 4 sessions lasting 60 minutes each, the participating actors were trained on the vocal HYGIENE package. One week after the last training session, participants were again asked to complete the questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21, and indicators of descriptive statistics were analyzed. Results: The mean score of voice abuse and non-abusive behaviors, which was 23. 34 before training with the vocal HYGIENE package increased to 28. 56 after education, a statistically significant change (P<0. 001). The level of knowledge of participants on the mechanism of phonation increased after education from an average score of 10. 12 to an average score of 11. 21 (P<0. 001). The mean score of knowledge of larynx pathology after education rose from 16. 58 to 21. 44, a significant change (P<0. 001). Conclusion: The provided vocal HYGIENE educational package increased the actors’,knowledge of the mechanism of phonation, voice abuse and non-abusive behaviors, and the functional and structural disorders of the voice.